Blind stile mortiser and borer



3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W H BROWNFIELD BLIND STIL MoRTIsBR AND BORB'.

No. 500,278. Patented June 27, 1893 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. W HBROWNFIBLD BLIND ST-IE MORTISER AND BORER.

Patented June 27, 1893.

as co. PuoTo-umm wAsHmGroN' D. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. H. BROWNPIELD. 'BLIND STILE MORTISER AND BORER.

No. 500,278-l Patented'Ju'ne 27, 1898.

m: "mms Prrcns ca. Plofaurnn.. wAsmuGTcm. o. c.

UNITED STATl-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

WLLI'AM H. BROWNFIELD, OF DAYTON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LOUIS K.MARTY, OF HIGHLANDS, KENTUCKY.

BLlND-S'TILE MORTISER AND BORER.

SPECIFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. 500,278, dated June 27,1893.

ADDHGMDOH filed July 9, 1892. Serial No. 439,478. (No model.)

To all whom it may con/087%:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. BROWN- FIELD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at- Dayton, in the county of Campbell and State ofKentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inBlind-Stile Mortisers and Borers; and I do declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenableothers io skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification;

The subject of Ithis invention is a machine for cutting or boring intothe stiles of shutters the mortises or holes for the ends of the slatswhich enter said stiles. In outside shutters where the slats aregenerally stationary,

zo mortises are used, while in inside shutters, where the slats arerolling, holes are bored into the shutter-stiles to receive the pivotson which the slatsrevolve. The machine is so arranged, that the twostiles of a shutter, that is its right and left one are mortised orbored at once, whereby a perfect evenness of the work, especially as tothe distance between the mortises or holes is attained.

Among the novel features of my invention are the construction whichleaves the work (stile) always visible while being acted upon, the meanswhereby the mortises are being cleared of the chips and the meanswhereby the length, depth and angle of the mortises 3 5 are regulated.

The construction of this machine is described and pointed out in thefollowing specification and clai'ms and illustrated in the accompanyingthree sheets of drawings, in

40 which- Figure 1, is a side-elevation of the same, showing the stilesin position while being mortised. Fig. 2, is a view similar to thepreceding one, but showing parts more remote from the spectator, theline of view or section being taken near the center of the machine andthe lower parts of it, as well as the work have been omitted. Fig. 3, isa view similar to Fig. 2, but taken ata plane still more remote,

respectively back of the center and showing only such parts as arehidden in the preceding figure. Fig. 4, is a front-view of the machine,that is that end where the operator is supposed to stand. In order toshow other parts farther back more clearly, some parts nearest thespectator, at the upper right side have been omitted. Fig. 5, is afear-view of the machine With parts of it near the upper right sideomitted for the same reason as in the preceding figure. Fig. 6, is atop-view of the machine, parts on the right side of it (upper side ofthe figure as it appears in the drawings), omitted for same reasons asgiven for Figs. 4, and 5. Fig. 7, is a detail top-view of the swingingand sliding frames as they appear below the top of the machine. Parts ofthe sliding frame are broken away. Fig. 8, is

a perspective view of one of the cutter-heads and its supporting frame.It is shown inclined, which is the position it occupies when in place.Fig. 9, is a perspective view of the frame which vshifts the cutter-headand its frame.

What particular parts have been omitted in some of the tigures, will bemore readily understood after the followingspecification has been read.

The position of the parts of the machine as shown, is the one when thefeed-mechanism is at rest and the bits of the cutter-heads are about toenter the work.

The machine is comprised in general of a feed-mechanism, to which thework (stile) is temporarily secured and by which it is intermittinglyadvanced, means which guide the work while so advancing, means whichhold it tightly while being acted upon, a cuttingmechanism, means tocause the knives of the latter in a longitudiual or endwise direction toenter and leave the work, means to cause go the knives'of thecutter-heads, after entering to advance and return in a lateraldirection through a distance equal to the length of the mortise to becut and mechanism whereby the position of these means and the extent oftheir movements are regulated.

a, a, are the stiles to be mortised and held by clamps b, b, to thedownwardly projecting ends c, c, of a frame CZ, which is provided with abase e, whereby it is connected to the feed- Ioo rack f. This latter hasfeathers g, g, which occupy grooves h, h, in the sides of slot passinglengthwise through the top k, of the machine and Whereby the feed-rackis kept in position. Clamps b, b, move in'slots Z, l, and are held inposition within frame d, by rods 'm1,m, which pass through the ends c,c', c, c', of frame cl.

n, n, are two levers pivoted to frame d, and' provided with eccentriccams o, o,which when coming in contact with the inner ends of rods m, m,move clamps b, b, against the work and hold the same tightly betweenthem and the ends c,c, of frame d. A part of rods m, which passesthrough clamps b, is screW-threaded, so that by turning rods m, usingtheir pro` jecting ends p, p, to do so, the position of clamps b, maybeadj usted to the width of the work.

q, q, are springs confined between'the ends c, c, of frame d, andcollars r, r, secured to rods m, and serve to throw jaws b, open for thepurpose of releasing the work, when levers a, n, have been movedtow'a'rd each other whereby eccentric cams o, o, release the ends ofrods m, m.

s, is a pawl pivotally secured to a slide t, its

It advances the feed-rack f, by the reciprocatory motion which istransmitted to slide t, by a connecting' rod 'v,'con-` nected' to itsunder side and actuated by a cam w,-on shaft x. To lessen the friction,rollers y, y, are provided at the poi-ntswhere cam 10,. comesin contactwith'connecting-rod 'v. Slide t, is guided by bearings'z, z, depend-ingfrom the under side of the top of the machine.

To permit a quick return of the feed-rack to the starting point after astile has been finished, pawl s is thrown out of contact with the' rackby means of a cam'A, operated by a a rod B, from the side of themachine.

VVhiIe the work is being fed forward it is held in position and guidedby Springs O, se"

Power is supplied to the machine by means 'of belt N, and pulley N',-thelatter secured to'shaft L. N' is a loose pulley also on shaft L, uponwhich belt N may be shifted inv case it becomes desirable to stop themachine.

O, O, arev the cutter-heads provided withV bits or'knives O', O', anddriven by pulleys P, P, P', P', and belts P' P' the latter pulleyssecured upon shaft L. The shafts upon which cutter-heads O, O, andpulleys P,z P, are mounted revolve in frames Q, which are provided withdove-tails Q', Q', which fit into` a correspondingly cut-out frame R.

Sisa yoke which fits' over the tops of frames Q, and is pivotallysecured. to them.

These yokes have tails S', S' whichpass into i frame. 'i frame R, areopen as shown betweenthe'dove- -tailed parts of it to permit belts P' topass.

slots T, T, inthe upper arms T', T', of shifting-frames T, T, whichiatterare'provided below with sleeves T', T', which sleeves fit onto arod'U, by which these shifting frames are supported. Rod U passespreferably clear through the machine projecting to either side of it andis' rigid'ly secured to the machine-frame. From sleeves T' there projectdouble-bearings T' T' which carry rollers V, the faces of which are somedistance apart, which distance or space is occupied by cams W, W,mounted upon shaft w. Shift- `.ing-frames T' T' are further supported bybraokets X, X, into a slot of which arms T' each consistingsubstantially of two wings which are located'and exlend beyond themachina-frame to either side and which are united to each other by `aconnecting branch iforming also a part of each frame and reaching' fromwing to Wingr across the machine- The wings of the upper or slidingFrameZ isheld in position on the machineframe by lugs Z, Z-"", on theunderside of each one of its wings, through whichlugs bolts 12,

and 13,'pass. The angle of inclination of frame Z, and with' it'frame R,may be varied by the adjustment of bolts 13,.whichv pass through ,slots14, 14, on either side of the machine- ,frame, the' upper bolt12,-forming the pivot ;on` which frame Z, swings during such adjustment.Frame R, is prevented from sliding off of frame Z, by screws 15,15,secured o in lugs 16, 16, of frame Z. It isheld normally against thesescrews by Springs 17, 17, pass- =ing from frame R, to .some convenientpoint at` either side of the. machine-frame. The break vor bend in theconnecting branch of :frame R, is merely for the purpose of clearing thesprocket-wheel K'. vside of this branch. of frame R, depend two``lugs'18, 18, forming bearings for a roller 19,

From the under which at intervals is acted upon by a cam 20,

Ion shaft w, and whereby frame R, is caused to slide upwardly on frameZ, being pulled back again to its normal position by Springs 17, afterthe cam 20, has passed and clcared froller 19.

Brackets F, X, F, X, on each side form bearings'for rods 21, 21, towhich Vertically adj ustable and vertically acting clamps 22, 22, aresecured1 which' hold the work down to the top ofthe machine, while the`cutting is done. These clamps are closed by cams 23, 23, secured toarmsT' T', of shift- -ing frames T, T, which act against springlevers 24,24, secured to and projecting from rods 21, 21. The clamps are opened bythe Vaction of Springs 25, 25, secured to rearward projections 26,26,011 rods 21, 21, and connecting to the machine-frame.

27, is a clutch operated by a hand-lever 28,

IOO

by which the iotion of all parts of the machine drivenfrom shaft J, maybestopped.

The different parts of the machine operate as follows proceeding intheir description from the position they occupy as shown in the draw,-ings. lThe revolving vmotion of the cutterhead O, is constant and it istherefore always ready to cut as soon as it enters the wood which isabout to take place now. The knives O', O', of the cutter-heads arecaused to enter the work through the action of cams lV, W, which are soshaped as to Shift frames T, T, inwardly which frames then carry withthem yokes S, S, and cutter-head frames Q, Q, which are all connected tosaid frames T",T". Vhile being so shifted, frames T, T" are guided bytheir sleeves T', T'.

' which slide on the ends of rod U, and by their arms T' which slide inbrackets X while cutter-head frame Q, is guided by its dove-tailedportions Q', Q', which slide in correspodingly cut-out portions of thewings of frame R. The knives while so entering in a longitudinaldirection are first cutting or boringahole until they have reached therequired depth after which they advance laterally and upwardly, beingcaused to do so by cam 20, on shaft which by actin g against roller 19,on frame R, causes this latter frame with the cutter-head frames toslide up on frame Z. During this movement, frame R, is guided bydove-tails Z', on which latter it moves back again owing to the actionof springs 17, after the mortise has been formed and after cam 20 hascleared roller 19. VVhile so returning to its normal position, frame R,carries with it the cutter heads, the knives thereon passing through thesame path back and thereby clearing the mortise of the chips. Whenshiftingframe T moves inwardly just previous to the cutting, cam 23, onarm T', passes under spring-level' 24 and by lifting it causes rod 21,to bring clamp 22, hard down onto lthe work whichlatteris tightly heldby said clamp until the mortise is cut. By this time cam W, has comearound again and is ready to act' upon rollers V, V, for the purpose ofshifting frame T, outwardly which through the intervention of yokes S,carries the cutter-head frames with it, the knives leaving the workagain in a longitudinal direction. While frames T, move thus outwardly,cams 23, on arms T', liberate spring levers 24, and enable Springs 25,with the aid of projections 26, and rods 21, to release the work fromclamps 22, so as to permit the same ofbeing fed forward. While a mortiseis thus 'cut as described, pawl 8,011 slide t, has been moved back byconnecting-rod v, one of the rollers 'y on which has been acted upon bya cam w, on shaft w, and is in a position to feed rack f, with the workforward, the moment the .cutters have left the latter, and clamps 22,release the same. The forward movementof pawl 8, and slide t, isaccomplished by the same means in substantially the same manner as theirmove-v ment first' described, only in reverse order.

After the feed-moton is finished, cams W, shift framesT,and thecutter-headsinwardly again, clamps 22, close down once more upon thework and the next mortse is cut in the Same manner as already described.VVhen a pair of stiles has been finished they are released from frame d,which holds them to the feed-rack, by levers n, which are moved towardeach other, whereupon rods m, liberate clamps b, which are thrown openby the action of springs q, on said rods which carry the clamps withthem. The upper part of the machine is next stopped by `hand-lever 28,and clutch 27, pawl s, is disconnected from the feed-rack by cam A,which is turned up by vrod B, and the now liberated feed-rack isreturned to the starting point for the purpose of the insertion of newwork. To make this latter more convenient, a pointer 29, is pro- Vided,against which a mark, on the Wood, indicating the place where the firstmortise is to be started, may be brought. The width and depth of themortises is regulated by the size and length of the cutters or bits.Their length is dependent on the extent of the movement of frame R, onframe Z, which may be regulated by screws 15, 15, inlugs 16, 16. It isagainst these screws that frame R, returns after every action of cam 20,and from this adjustable'position wherever it may be, frame R, isactuated by cam 20. It follows from this also that the starting point ofthe mortise may be adjusted and if screws 15, 15, are screwed fartherout of lugs 16, 16, frame R, with the cutter-heads slides lowerdown onframe Z, when as a consequence the knives start the mortiseinalowerposition and cause the same to 'be longer. The reverse takes place whenscrews 15, 15,are screwed farther into lugs 16, 16, whereby frame R, iscaused to start its rising movement from a higher position. This adjustment may be augmented, especially in cases where it is not desirableto change'the starting point of the mortise, by making the eccentricityof cam 20, changeable, for which purpose a hub 30, is provided uponwhich cam 20, may be adjusted. The degree of inclination of the mortiseto the stile is adjusted by adjustingrframe Z, on which frame R, withthe cutter heads is supported.- The degree of inclination of this frame,which is pivoted at 12, is adjusted by screws 13, 13, passing throughslots 14, let, on

.either side of the machine.

When this machine is to be used for boring circular Vholes only, theheight at which the knives of the cutter-heads should enter the Wood isdetermined first by adjusting the position of frame R, on frame Z, bymeans of screws 15, 15, after which cam 20, is shifted sidewise so asnot to act upon roller 19, on frame R, whereby this latterremainsstationary upon frame Z, and the cutter-heads reoiprocate longitudinallyonly, their lateral reciprocatory movement with frame R, on frame Z,which produces the mortise, being omitted. In all other respects theoperation of the ma- IOO chine isithe same as for cutting mortises.Among the modifications towhich this construction is susceptible is areversal of the operation of levers n, n, which may be attained byhaving t-he projecting eccentric cams o, o, on the other side of eachlever n. In such case levers n, n, would be moved toward. each other forthe purpose of closing clamps b, Z), and thrown apart for the purpose ofreleasing thework. Themachinecouldbesoconstructed as to have only onecutter-head and do only half the work. Such would, however, be of noadvantage.

Having described my invention,I claim as new- 1. In a blind-stilemortiser and borer, the combination of means to hold, feed and guide thework, a rotating cutter-head, a frame Q on which it is mounted, a frameR, on which the cutter-head frame Q is supported, means to reciprocatethe cutter-head frame longitudinally, and means to reciprocate frame R,at right angles to the movement of the cutterhead frame, all assubstantially shown and described.

2. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the' right angles to themovement of the cutterhead frame, and means to adjust the lattervertically, all as substantially shown and described.

3. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of means tohold, feed and guide the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame on whichit is mounted, a frame R, on which the cutter-head frame is supported,means to reciprocate the c'utter head longitudinally, means toreciprocate frame R, at right angles to the movement of the cutter-headand an adjustable frame Z, on which frame R, is supported, all assubstantially shown and described.

4. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of mechanism tohold, guide and feed the work while acted upon, a rotating cntter-head,a frame Q within which it is mounted, a yoke S, pivotally connected tothe cutter-head frame Q, ashifting frame T' connecting With said yoke,means to guide and support the shifting-frame, acam whereby it isactuated and means whereby the height at which the cutter-headreciprocates and enters the Wood is Vertically adj usted, all assubstantially shown and described.

5. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of mechanism' tohold, guide and feed the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame R, onwhich it is supported, a pivoted frame g feed the work, a rotatingcutter-head, a frame R, supporting it, a pivoted frame Z,.support- :ingframe R, means to adjust the position of these frames, a yoke S, andshifting frame ;connected with each other and with the cutter-head, acam operatively connected With the shifting frame, a cam for actuatin gframe, R, and means Operating the cams, all as sub- `lstantially shownand described.

7. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the

ating the latter, means operatively connecting it to this pivot a frameT, which carries ;cam 23, and a cam which shifts this frame, .all assubstantially shown and described.

8. In a blind stile mortiser and borer, the combination of a rotatingcntter-head, mechanism to feed and' guide the work, a clamp I22, a rodsupported in bearings to which said Yclamp is secured, a spring-lever24, secured to this rod, a cam 23, acting on this springlever, means tocounter-act its action upon rod 21, and a reciprocating frame T, whichlcarries cam 23 all as substantially shown and described.

9. In a feed-mechanism, the combination of a feed-rack, means to guideit, a frame cl, se-

cured to it, clamps b,'mounted on rods m, and by them secured to framed, cams o, engaging with rods m, for the purpose of closing Vclamps b,levers n, for actuating cams 0, and

. presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. BROWN FIELD. Witnesses:

ALFRED N. DAVIEs, O. SPENGEL.

f combination of a rotating cutter-head, mechi uanism to feed and guidethe work, a clamp v`2.2, supported on a pivot, a cam 23,,for actu-

